Epoch AI’s estimates AI compute has risen by 4x per year over the last 15 years, while AI algorithmic improvements have divided the compute needed by about 3 each year. This means that over time, the effective compute is growing by about 12x per year, with about 40% of this gain coming from algorithmic improvements. ...

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Link :
https://www.nextbigfuture.com/2025/06/will-ai-keep-pretaining-scaling-xai-grok-3-5-will-tell-us.html